Effects of heat, including changes in temperature, color, state and volume of substances

Heat transfer, including conduction, convection and radiation.

Air-cooled systems.

Liquid-cooled systems.

Effects of heat

Temperature Changes: With increase in heat the substances change their consistency and expand or become more liquid. It can also change the state of the substance if the heat is high.
Color Changes: Due to chemical reactions and type of the material with increase in heat the material can easily change its colors and its physical shape.
State Changes: increased heat can change the state of the substances as it can turn liquid into steam.
Volume Changes: with increase in liquid the volume of substance changes or increases. This helps the cooling system to get more fluid and work better.

Heat transfer

Conduction – with conduction the heat moves through direct contact from the hotter parts to the cooler parts of the metal. This is usually seen in the metal parts of the cooling system.
Convention – Heat is transferred with the movement of material like fluids or gases through the engine and radiator of the machine. It can be coolant which goes though the radiator and engine.
Radiation – with radiation the heat increases. Heat is emitted as radiation from hot surfaces of the system like engine. This heat is then absorbed by the cooler surface of the system for proper flow of heat and conduction.

Air cooled system uses airflow to reduce the heat.

Natural air flow or fans are used to move the hot air from the engine to cooling fans which reduces the heat of the system and keeps the engine temperature to balance for proper working and safety of the system and machine.

Liquid cooled system is when liquids like coolants are used to reduce the temperature of the engine.

Here the heat is taken as coolant takes the heat from engine and then air blows on the coolant reducing its temperature, than the coolant returns to the engine marinating the temperature of the engine.

Mechanical, hydraulic, and

Purpose –Coolant protects the engine from freezing or corrosion and they also help to maintain the optimal temperature of the engine.

Operations – coolant is a mixture of water and antifreeze which takes the heat from the engine to cool it and release it with radiator.

Purpose –  to circulate coolant in engine and cooling system

Operations – the pump pushes the coolant to engine and radiator and reduces the temperature of the parts.

Purpose – To regulate temperature by controlling flow of coolant.

Operations – When engine is cold the thermostat is closed and to allows the heat to increase. When engine is hot the Thermostats and bypass systems opens to keep the temperature to cool down with coolant.

Purpose –  to cool the heat from the radiator and cooling system

Operations – mechanical fans are connected from engine and they increase the air flow directly when engine heats.
Hydraulic fans use fluid to change temperate based on engine heat.
Electric fans provide cooling when asked for and work of engine speed.

Purpose – cools the coolant 

Operations – coolant when comes to radiator, air is blown on it which cools the liquid before giving it back to engine.

Purpose –  to maintain pressure of cooling system

Operations – They allow the pressure to be released and trapped and prevents from increased temperature of the coolant to prevent any damage to the system.

Purpose – provide power to engine components

Operations – Drive belt connects engine crankshaft to all small parts of the engine like water pumps and fans and powers them to work when required by the engine.

Purpose – allows coolant to expand

Operations – expansion tanks is where the coolant expands after it has high temperature and till it cools down expansion tank contains it.

Purpose –  transfer heat between two materials

Operations – when parts use high temperature it makes coolant to get warm and heat for working, then the coolant transfers the heat to other parts to keep the system working.

Purpose – they monitor engine temperature

Operations – A temperature sensor notes the increase and decrease of the engine temperature and then sends data to the gauges which shows it on the driver dashboard.

Purpose –  it transfers coolant between components

Operations – hoses connect all engine parts and transfers coolants from one place to another. It helps to move the liquid in various parts for cooling the system.